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Roaches multiply quickly, which is why an infestation can spread so fast. Female American cockroaches lay about 12 eggs in each egg case, called an ootheca. They can lay six to 14 ootheca during their short lifespan. German cockroaches lay four to five ootheca in their lifetime, with each carrying 20 to 40 eggs. Many roaches can have 100 to over 200 offspring during their lifespan.

When you’re checking for bed bugs in your home, start by searching for the telltale signs rather than the insects themselves, as they tend to stay hidden during the day. Here are the key signs of a bed bug infestation:

• Rust-colored or reddish stains on mattresses and bed sheets

• Dark spots on fabric

• Shed skins

• Fecal matter (looks like black spots)

As for fleas, you can typically spot them on your pet. If you notice them scratching themselves excessively, look for bites and bugs on their skin and fur.

While the term “gnat” is often used as a blanket term for tiny flying insects like fungus gnats and fruit flies, they are different insects. The primary distinctions are in their appearance, diet, and habitat. Fungus gnats are typically darker (gray or black) with long legs and are attracted to damp soil and decaying plant matter, often living in houseplants. In contrast, fruit flies are lighter in color (tan) with shorter legs and are drawn to overripe fruit, high-fructose organic substances, and other sweet materials.

You can use a homemade spray to kill fleas on a mattress. To make the spray, combine equal parts water and distilled white vinegar. Spray the mixture on the fleas and all over the mattress. Follow this up with a generous sprinkle of salt all over the mattress, and let it sit overnight. Finally, vacuum the mattress to clean up the salt, dead fleas, and flea offspring.