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If the tree is very small—under 4 or 5 inches in diameter—and you’re experienced handling a chainsaw, you may be able to cut down the tree on your own, provided there’s plenty of room for it to fall. 

However, felling even small trees can be dangerous, and it’s always advisable to have a spotter on hand. This will help make sure the tree doesn’t fall the wrong way or that branches aren’t about to fall on you while you’re working.

A dead tree should always be cut down, because it could fall and cause injuries or damage, and it can also attract insects like carpenter ants. A tree that’s diseased beyond repair should also be cut down, but it’s not always easy for a homeowner to tell. Signs of disease include dying branches, a hollow trunk, leaning, and discolored or missing leaves, but your best bet is to hire a local arborist who can evaluate the tree and tell you if it can be saved or should be cut down.

There are many ways to cut through roots when digging, especially if your trencher doesn’t seem to be removing the roots. First, use a shovel to expose the roots. Then, use gardening shears to clear out smaller roots or a reciprocating saw to remove larger plant roots. If you plan on keeping the plant, avoid cutting any roots over 2 inches thick.

For a large tree, roots can take 5 to 10 years to completely decay after a stump dies. But that’s rarely a concern for above-ground plants and growth. You can choose to grind up a stump immediately after felling a tree (although it will be tougher wood), or you can wait several months up to a year for the stump to decay. When finished, you can leave any leftover roots in the ground to decompose.