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It is generally safe to stay in a house with sewer gas for a short time, even though short-term exposure is unpleasant. However, prolonged inhalation can cause headaches, nausea, or respiratory irritation. High levels of methane—which is in sewer gas—can pose an explosion risk in enclosed spaces. Ventilate the area and call a pro if you smell sewer gas or experience related health symptoms.

A few signs can indicate that your cesspool needs to be emptied outside of its typical schedule. An unpleasant odor coming from your pipes or near the cesspool, gurgling noises in your pipes, and uncharacteristically good growth in your yard are signs of cesspool problems that suggest build-up or overflow. If your pipes back up, you should have your cesspool looked at right away.

A septic tank should be emptied approximately once every three to five years, though this frequency will vary depending on your water usage, the size of your tank, how many people are in your home, and other factors. A maintenance plan for your septic system may be useful for professional emptying and inspection of other important parts.

Your sewer line can get grimy quickly. To prevent sludge buildup in your sewer line, pour a mixture of 1/3 cup of vinegar and 1/3 cup of baking soda down each drain in your home once a month. After about 30 minutes, flush the drain with hot water.

Some plumbers recommend 3/4 cup of bleach instead to clean any germs and bacteria that may build up in your sewer line. But this won’t break down any active clogs, and it cannot be combined with vinegar, as the mixture will create a toxic, hazardous gas.