How to Install Linoleum Flooring in Your Home: A Step-by-Step Guide
With linoleum back in style, it’s time to learn how to install it the right way
Linoleum is coming back into style, so if you’ve been eyeing a bedroom or sunroom that could use a little facelift, this trendy floor material is a good option. It can last for about 40 years with proper installation, and there are many types of linoleum to choose from to fit your aesthetic without looking like your floors belong in your grandparents’ house.
But before you cover your existing floors in linoleum, find out how to install linoleum flooring, from proper prep work to a secure sealant.
What Is Linoleum Flooring?
Linoleum flooring is an affordable, durable, and long-lasting material made from canvas, linseed oil, powdered cork, pine resin, and mineral fillers. This material typically comes in sheets that a pro will need to cut to fit a room properly. Then, the flooring material attaches to the underlayment or existing flooring in a room with a flooring adhesive.
Real linoleum is a popular choice for upgrading a room because of its lower cost compared to some flooring materials and its anti-microbial and biodegradable properties.
How to Install Linoleum Flooring
Linoleum needs some extra TLC for it to lay smoothly on your floors. By taking the time to prep for linoleum installation, you can get the most life out of your new flooring.
1. Measure the Space
Measure and write down the dimensions of each room to determine how much linoleum you’ll need. You may want to buy 10% to 20% more than your measurement to leave some room for error. You won’t want to find out you’re short by a few square feet when you’ve already applied the adhesive and started laying down the linoleum.
After buying the linoleum, hang on to your measurements. You’ll need them later when you prepare to cut the linoleum to fit the room.
How to Calculate How Much Linoleum Flooring You Need
To calculate how much linoleum you’ll need for your floor, start with the dimensions you measured. For each room, multiply the length by the width (in feet). The result is the total square footage. Do this for each room, add them together, and round up to the nearest square foot. Don’t forget to add an extra 10% to 20% to account for wastage during the installation. For example, if your room is 200 square feet, order 220 to 240 square feet of materials.
2. Level the Floor
While linoleum is durable and long-lasting, it easily shows signs of improper installation. To keep your floors from looking bumpy or developing cracks, you’ll need to ensure the existing floor, whether it’s another flooring material, underlayment, or subfloors, is smooth and level.
Fill dents and cracks as needed to smooth out the base level. For example, you can even out hardwood floors and existing linoleum floors with an embossing leveler. For concrete floors, you can grind down raised spots or fill cracks and holes with more concrete.
Alternatively, you can also lay plywood as a smooth base for linoleum. To lay plywood, you can buy underlayment-grade plywood at a home improvement store. Lay the plywood over the existing floor or subfloor where you’ll install the linoleum, and staple the plywood sheet along the edges about every 8 inches.
Using plywood underlayment can save you time repairing the floors. Plus, if you have hardwood or tile floors, you can better preserve these materials if you change your mind about linoleum down the line. (Future generations will also thank you for not leaving sticky residue all over salvageable hardwood floors!)
3. Prepare the Room and Floor
If you didn’t already clear out the room to level the existing floor or underlayment, make sure to move out all of the furniture, plumbing fixtures, and appliances from the room. You’ll also need to pull out the baseboards and even the doors to clear away any possible obstacles.
Use a pry bar and/or hammer to remove baseboards and baseboard nails, and a standard screwdriver can help you take off any doors. Other obstacles, like toilets, also need to go before you can start laying linoleum. If you can’t remove the toilet, sinks, or other plumbing fixtures from the room yourself, consult a plumber near you for assistance.
Now that you’ve bought your materials and prepared the base floor, you can start acclimating, laying, and sealing your new linoleum flooring.
4. Acclimate the Linoleum Flooring
Linoleum sheets can actually respond to temperature and may shrink or expand slightly, especially when they arrive in a new environment. Your warm home will feel very different than a chilly warehouse. Unpack and store the linoleum in the room where you will install it for at least 24 hours (ideally about 48 hours) to give it time to adjust. Otherwise, its minor shrinking or expansion can lead to sheets that don’t quite fit the room even after measuring.
Let flooring like hardwood and laminate acclimate to your home's humidity before installation to ensure it won’t warp or shift. Your flooring pro can guide you on how long to let it adapt.
5. Mark Cut Lines and Cut Linoleum Tiles
You don’t want to worry about cutting the linoleum while also trying to install it. Instead, after the linoleum has had time to acclimate to its new environment, you can use your room measurements to cut the linoleum sheets into tiles. Mark about 1 to 2 inches extra in your measurements, and you can trim off the excess as needed while you’re laying the flooring.
Use a straightedge and tape measure to outline straight lines across the linoleum sheets, then use a washable marker to mark the cut lines. These lines will guide you as you cut the linoleum with a sharp utility knife. Keep the straightedge nearby while cutting to ensure your lines are as straight and even as possible for a seamless fit.
6. Lay the Linoleum Floor Tiles
Position the cut linoleum floor tiles around the room, working carefully along the edges of the room and into all four corners. Because you left some extra material when cutting, you’ll need a utility knife to trim away the excess so each tile fits perfectly against the other.
Pull up half of a tile and apply a thin coat of flooring adhesive to the underside of the tile using a notched trowel. Place the tile back down and repeat on the other half of the tile. If excess adhesive comes through the seams between tiles, use a damp cloth to wipe it away.
Once you’ve adhered all the linoleum tiles to the floor, use a floor roller over the linoleum. This step helps smooth out any air bubbles and adds pressure to better adhere the linoleum to the base floor. Again, use a clean, damp cloth to wipe away any extra adhesive that comes between tiles after rolling the floor.
7. Seal Your Floors
Sealant helps protect your new linoleum floors and gives them a fresh, glossy finish, so don’t skip this important step. Apply linoleum sealant with a brush evenly, starting from the farthest corner of the room and working your way toward the door.
Once the sealant is on, leave the floors alone to dry and fully adhere to the base floor for at least 24 hours. Don’t replace any furniture, baseboards, appliances, doors, or other items in the room and don’t let anyone walk on the new floors during this time. Otherwise, the linoleum might not stick properly or dimple from heavy furniture items' pressure before it has time to dry.
Tips for Installing Linoleum Flooring
Linoleum flooring can be tricky to install, even for a seasoned DIYer. Large sheets of linoleum can be harder to work with than something like small ceramic tiles or floating laminate flooring that clicks into place. Linoleum’s tendency to shrink or expand with temperature fluctuations can make it challenging to cut and lay. However, keeping some pro tips in mind during DIY linoleum installation can set you up for success.
Patience Is Key
Linoleum needs time to acclimate to the room and time for the adhesive to dry. You’ll need to practice patience if you want your new floors to look great and last several years.
Before you take the time to lay the flooring, you’ll need to wait 24 to 48 hours for it to acclimate and at least 24 more hours after sealing it before you can add the baseboards, doors, and furnishings back to the room. Your patience will pay off with smooth, durable linoleum floors that will last up to 40 years.
Measure Extra at Every Step
Because linoleum may shrink or expand, it’s wise to measure a little more than you need throughout the process, from purchasing the linoleum sheets to laying them out on the floor. You can always trim the excess, but you can’t lengthen a sheet of linoleum cut too short.
Glue With Care
Again, patience is a virtue with linoleum, especially during the adhesive process. Apply it in a thin, even layer on the underside of the cut linoleum tiles, and let the adhesive sit for a few seconds before laying the linoleum back on the floor. Move carefully and work in small portions at a time for the most seamless look.
How Much Does It Cost to Install Linoleum Flooring?
Linoleum flooring costs about $2 to $7 per square foot, with an average project ranging from $955 to $3,755 total. Materials can range from $1 per square foot for basic linoleum to over $14 per square foot for longer-lasting linoleum with unique or custom colors or designs. Labor costs an additional $3 to $10 per square foot or $36 per hour.
DIY vs. Hiring a Flooring Specialist
Hiring a flooring specialist near you costs $3 to $10 per square foot for the labor, plus the cost of materials. When you DIY, installing linoleum floors just involves the cost of the linoleum, about $3 to $7 per square foot.
Linoleum is not as easy to lay as other flooring types, like laminate, because it typically comes in large sheets that you need to carefully measure and cut to fit the room.
Then, you have to ensure the underlayment and adhesive on the back of the linoleum sheets are both as smooth as possible for the flooring to look its best and last as long as possible.
If you have experience with installing flooring—or the patience and confidence to do the project right—then installing linoleum flooring might be a good DIY project for you. If not, it’s best to leave it to the pros.
Linoleum is installed with adhesive, but depending on the smoothness of the underlayment or floor below, you may only need to glue around the perimeter of the backside of the linoleum sheets, or you may need to glue all over the back of the linoleum sheets.
When you install linoleum flooring, you must attach it to an underlayment, such as underlayment-grade plywood. You can also consider cork, foam, felt, particleboard, or recycled materials. However, if the linoleum already has a backing, you can likely install it on top of existing flooring.
Linoleum flooring and vinyl flooring are terms that are sometimes used interchangeably. But there is a difference between vinyl and linoleum floors. Linoleum is made from natural materials, while vinyl is a synthetic plastic material. Vinyl tends to be less expensive than linoleum, but it doesn’t last as long, nor is it as durable.
Linoleum flooring lasts about 20 to 40 years. While it is durable, it does wear out from foot traffic and even the weight of furniture over time. It can also become faded or discolored from sunlight streaming in through the windows.
When it comes to linoleum versus laminate, the better choice depends on your personal needs. Linoleum tends to last longer but is more difficult to install. Laminate is less eco-friendly and less durable, but it is easy to install without a professional.
Both options come in a wide variety of styles, but many prefer the look of laminate. Laminate and linoleum are affordable flooring options compared to hardwood or tile, but laminate costs less at about $0.70 to $2 per square foot.
