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Vinegar and baking soda can be effective for removing old carpet stains, although success may depend on the type of stain. There are two common methods for this process.

One method involves combining the ingredients directly on the stain to create a chemical reaction. First, pour a generous layer of dry baking soda over the stain. In a spray bottle, mix distilled white vinegar with 1 cup of warm water and a few drops of liquid dish soap, then spray this solution thoroughly over the baking soda. The mixture will foam as the acidic vinegar reacts with the basic baking soda, which helps loosen and lift the stain. Let this sit for a few hours until it dries, then wipe or vacuum up the residue and blot the area with a clean, dry towel. You can repeat the process if the stain persists.

An alternative method suggests using the ingredients separately. Start by sprinkling baking soda on the stain and letting it sit for 15 to 30 minutes before vacuuming it up. Next, blot the remaining stain with a solution of equal parts white vinegar and water, and then blot the area dry with a clean cloth.

To prevent water spots from appearing on your upholstered chairs after cleaning, avoid saturating the furniture or applying water directly on it, and don’t use direct heat to dry it. Instead, use damp (not wet) cloths and suds from water-based solutions and let your chairs air dry inside.

Upholstery seems easy to clean in theory, but it gets complicated when you consider how many cleaning designations there are for different kinds of fabrics. While some couches can handle a liquid cleaner, others require foam cleaners, and some should only be cleaned with dry cleaning products to prevent damage. It’s usually best to hire a professional upholstery cleaning service to ensure your couch gets appropriately cleaned and doesn’t get damaged in the process. Professional furniture cleaning is relatively affordable and easier on the wallet than replacing a damaged couch.

Adult fleas can live a few days to a couple of weeks on your couch if they don't have a host to feed on. However, flea eggs, larvae, and pupae can live much longer, even several months, with the right conditions. That is why it’s vital to eradicate them from your couch and other upholstered furniture.