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We’ve explained how deep-rooted plants can damage a septic tank from the outside, but plenty of things can ruin it from the inside, too. For example, flushing bulky items (like paper towels, diapers, and wipes) can clog your septic tank. Cooking oil, grease, and household chemicals can also harm your system. And since a new septic system costs between $3,460 and $11,450, it’s worth following these guidelines.

A septic system's lifespan typically ranges from 15 to 40 years, with a common average of 20 to 30 years. The longevity heavily depends on the tank's material, maintenance diligence, and usage habits. With proper care, lifespans can reach the upper end of this range.

Lifespan by Tank Material:

• Concrete: 20 to 40 years

• Plastic or Fiberglass: 30 to 40 years

• Steel: 15 to 20 years

To maximize your system's lifespan, follow these maintenance best practices:

• Regular Pumping and Inspections: Have the tank pumped every three to five years and schedule professional inspections regularly.

• Mindful Usage: Only flush human waste and toilet paper. Avoid putting items like cat litter, paper towels, cigarette butts, fats, grease, oils, or coffee grounds down your drains.

• Avoid Chemicals: Do not pour harsh chemicals into the system.

• Water Conservation: Reduce the amount of wastewater your system has to process.

• Protect the Drain Field: Avoid driving or building heavy structures over the drain field area.

When your septic system is failing, you’ll probably smell it. Common signs of a septic system failure include sewage odors in the home or around the yard, flooding in the yard above the septic tank or in the leach field, and wastewater or even raw sewage backing up into your home’s drains.

Over time, your septic tank can accumulate a buildup of sludge at the bottom of the tank. If left unpumped and uncleaned, the sludge will back up into your pipes and home, causing failure and extensive (and smelly) damage. Repairs to your septic system can be costly, which is why regular maintenance is required. It takes about 30 minutes to pump a septic tank that’s 1,250 gallons or less or 1 hour for larger varieties.