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There are three layers of wastewater in a septic tank: scum (solid waste that floats to the top of the wastewater), liquid (the relatively clean liquid wastewater in between the two other layers), and sludge (solid waste that falls to the bottom of the wastewater). The buildup of sludge is one of the main reasons septic tanks need to be pumped. If the tank is more than 1/3 of the way full with a combination of sludge and scum, it’s time to call a pro for pumping.

You maintain a cesspool by pumping the tank every three to five years to prevent clogging. You should also have a septic tank or sewer system professional inspect the system once every three years. Avoid putting harmful chemicals and non-biodegradable items in the system to extend the life span of the cesspool.

Running water may get rid of a sulfur smell temporarily, but it isn’t a long-term solution. If your taps smell like sulfur, take a look at some of the potential causes we’ve outlined above. Depending on what’s going on, you might need to contact a pro to identify and fix the issue.

Your septic tank naturally contains the good bacteria it needs, so you typically don't have to add more as the system produces them on its own. However, if you wish to replenish the bacteria, you can use natural methods. For example, you can add three rotten tomatoes to your garbage disposal or flush 1/4 ounce of active yeast down the toilet every three months. While store-bought septic enzymes and chemicals are available, many additives are unnecessary and may even harm your system. The most effective way to maintain a healthy bacterial balance is to avoid using chemical drain cleaners, which can kill the beneficial bacteria in your tank.