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Yes, vinegar can be an effective way to kill individual dandelion plants to help in the hand-removal process. However, vinegar can also kill turfgrass, so use a targeted spray.

You should add 1 to 4 inches of mulch, depending on your garden type and needs. Keep in mind that no amount of mulch can completely prevent weeds, but a heavier coverage (closer to 4 inches) can suppress weeds enough that you are only seeing them sprout every few weeks. Finer mulch prevents weeds more effectively than large mulch, so if you’re using mulched leaves or shredded bark, 1 to 2 inches will likely suffice, while 3 to 4 inches is best for larger mulch, like bark chips or straw.

Very carefully. You should be cautious when using any of the above methods, as any one of them could lead to you accidentally killing desired grasses and plants. However, there are selective herbicides that can target certain plants over others. Look for a product that only affects the type of weeds you want to eliminate and spares the plants you want to keep.

No, it's not really possible to completely prevent weed growth. Weeds are incredibly resilient—all they usually need is a tiny bit of dirt to sprout, so their eventual appearance is pretty much inevitable. However, you can definitely keep them at bay by getting rid of weeds as soon as you notice them. The longer you let them sit and grow roots, the more they'll spread.