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When deciding if you should use 2x6 or 2x8 deck joists, consider the size of the deck, joist spacing, and materials. Larger decks, larger-spaced joists, and weaker wood all require more support, meaning they need larger joists. For example, 2x8 redwood joists spaced 16 inches apart can only safely span up to 10 feet and 7 inches. On the other hand, 2x10 southern pine joists spaced 12 inches apart can be as big as 16 feet and 2 inches. If you aren’t sure what size joist is best for your project, speak with your deck builder.

Some elevated decks require stairs that lead to the ground level per the local fire codes in some municipalities. In other regions, a staircase is an optional feature that can increase accessibility and convenience for homeowners who want ground-level access to their deck. Additionally, a staircase is necessary if your home doesn't have an existing door leading to the deck.

You typically don’t need a railing and handrails on a deck that’s less than 30 inches from the ground. However, consider adding them regardless. Railings provide additional safety for you and your guests who use your deck—plus, railings give the deck a more finished look than it would have without them.

Yes, it is possible to add an under-deck drainage system to an existing deck by retrofitting it to the structure. This process may require some prep work. For example, many drainage systems are installed on top of the deck joists, which would require you to remove the decking boards and railings first. To avoid this, you could opt for a below-the-joist drainage system. For best results and to ensure proper installation, it is recommended to consult a professional. A pro can inspect your deck, make any necessary repairs, and then install the drainage system correctly.