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Typically, bed bugs live for four to six months. However, they can live even longer in cool conditions without any food. Bed bugs breed frequently, giving rise to dozens of babies that can quickly infest your home, so it’s best to keep a vigilant eye out if you suspect bed bugs may be around.

The signs of a bed bug infestation include itchy, red bite marks on the skin and various forms of physical evidence on or near your bed. Look for reddish or rust-colored stains on sheets from crushed bed bugs, as well as small, dark fecal droppings. You might also find the bugs themselves, their tiny eggs, or the pale, molted skins (casings) they leave behind. In some cases, a persistent musty odor may be present. If you notice any of these signs, calling a professional exterminator is the most effective way to handle the infestation.

A temperature of 119 degrees Fahrenheit will kill bed bugs and their eggs within 90 minutes. No temperature kills them instantly, but if exposed to high temperatures over extended periods, bed bugs will be killed off. Bed bug eggs must be exposed to the same temperature for 90 minutes to reach 100% mortality.

To determine if you have a rat or mouse infestation, look for several key differences. The most obvious is the size of the rodent: rats are significantly larger with thicker bodies, while mice are much smaller and more slender. You can also identify them by their droppings; rat droppings are larger and rounder, about the size of a raisin, while mouse droppings are smaller, like a grain of rice, and often have pointed ends. Other signs include the sounds they make, as rats produce louder scratching and gnawing noises due to their size. Behaviorally, rats tend to be more cautious, whereas mice are more curious and might be seen more often. Additionally, rat nests are typically larger than those of mice. If you are unable to see the pest or find clear evidence, a professional inspection can provide a definitive identification.