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R-30 insulation is better for higher thermal resistance, but whether it’s "better" depends on the application. R-30 is much thicker and suited for areas like attics or floors in cold climates, where more insulation is required. R-13, on the other hand, is thinner and works well for 2x4 walls or milder climates where less insulation is sufficient. Choosing between R-13 and R-30 depends on the area being insulated and the climate. For example, R-30 provides more insulation but may not fit everywhere in your home.

Yes, basement insulation needs a vapor barrier due to its susceptibility to moisture seeping in from the outside of the house. You should install a moisture barrier before you install insulation or purchase insulation that comes prebuilt with a moisture barrier to avoid water damage in your insulation and costly mold and water remediation expenses. 

It is possible to install a radiant barrier yourself. However, knowing how to install a radiant barrier and actually doing it are two totally different things. For example, it’s important that they be installed in a straight line but at an angle that creates a gap between the roof panels and the foil or spray. If this gap is too large or small, it won’t function as it should, and that may be hard to avoid if you’re only a novice. When in doubt, leave this job to a pro.

The best type of insulation for your home depends on your specific needs, climate, and the area you are insulating. For new construction, structural insulated panels are a highly energy-efficient option that is easy to install during the building process. In very warm climates, reflective insulation can be a cost-effective choice. For cold climates, fiberglass is an excellent option due to its high R-value and resistance to settling over time. Spray foam works well in humid environments because of its moisture-resistant properties. For standard attics, loose-fill, spray foam, or blown-in insulation are all suitable options.