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A well pressure tank is located between the well and the well pump, and it stores your water under pressure so that the well pump can eventually do its job. The well pump is activated whenever you turn a faucet on—it pulls the water from the tank into your home. Both are vital parts of a complete well water system.

You should check water pressure twice a year to ensure there aren’t any irregularities and that it isn’t too high. It’s also smart to check it any time you notice symptoms of high water pressure (like banging pipes, inconsistent water flow, and leaky fixtures). Similarly, if you live in an area that’s prone to water pressure fluctuations due to municipal supply changes, elevation, or seasonal temperature shifts, check it more frequently. You can buy an affordable water pressure gauge and check the water pressure yourself.

The pressure in a well pressure tank should be set 2 to 3 PSI below the pump's cut-on pressure. The cut-on pressure is the lower number in the pressure setting (e.g., the '30' in 30/50 PSI) and is the point at which the pump starts. The cut-out pressure is the higher number, where the pump stops.

For example:

• If your pressure switch is set to 30/50 PSI, the tank pressure should be 27-28 PSI.

• If your pressure switch is set to 40/60 PSI, the tank pressure should be 38 PSI.

Common pressure settings for household applications include 20/40, 30/50, and 40/60 PSI. The difference between the cut-on and cut-out pressure is typically 20 PSI.

With regular servicing and general upkeep, both a well pump and pressure tank can last for years. The average lifespan of a well pump is around eight to 15 years. A well pressure tank can last from seven to 10 years. How long a well pump and pressure tank lasts also depends on a variety of factors such as type, size, material, and brand.