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The frequency of lawn aeration depends on various factors such as soil type, grass variety, and lawn usage. In most cases, aerating once a year, typically in the fall or early spring, is sufficient to maintain a healthy lawn. However, lawns subject to heavy foot traffic or especially compacted soil may benefit from more frequent aeration, possibly every six months. It's essential to assess your lawn's specific needs and consult with a lawn care professional if you're unsure about the ideal aeration schedule for your property.

You can thicken new grass by using fertilizer, watering it 1 to 1½ inches per week, mowing when it is at an optimal height, and preventing weeds. You should fertilize your grass while you plant the grass seed, or soon afterward. Use an herbicide to prevent weeds or spot spray with herbicide to kill existing weeds.

Mowing is one of the most important ways to maintain your lawn because it encourages grass to grow horizontally, creating a fuller, more uniform yard. On top of mowing your lawn, you’ll want to routinely fertilize your lawn, water it regularly, and take care of pests the moment they arise. 

Break up hard dirt in your yard with popular methods such as core aeration or manual aeration with a spade, mini excavator, or pitchfork. You can also alter your soil to keep it from compacting in the future. Adding compost, groundcover plants, or aeration granules—preferably made of organic materials—can also soften your ground and encourage water saturation.