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There are three layers of wastewater in a septic tank: scum (solid waste that floats to the top of the wastewater), liquid (the relatively clean liquid wastewater in between the two other layers), and sludge (solid waste that falls to the bottom of the wastewater). The buildup of sludge is one of the main reasons septic tanks need to be pumped. If the tank is more than 1/3 of the way full with a combination of sludge and scum, it’s time to call a pro for pumping.

If the toilet is overflowing but there’s no clog, that’s a sign that the issue is deeper in the system, and plunging may not help. A blockage in your home’s plumbing, the plumbing vent, or even city sewer lines can cause toilets to overflow. The issue could also be the toilet itself if the filler float isn’t set to the correct height or if parts are damaged or worn out.

Depending on the size and location of your septic tank repair job, you may want to let the septic pros finish before tackling other backyard work. However, in some cases, it’s not a bad idea to coordinate between your providers if the timing’s right and your septic repair pro says it’s safe to do so. For instance, if the septic repair work is happening in the fall, you might want to take advantage of the opportunity to prepare your backyard landscaping for winter , or in spring, start mulching the garden beds.

You only need to pump the septic tank. The leach field allows the liquid and waste to naturally seep into the ground, so there’s no need to pump the leach field. You should call a local septic tank pumping service to remove the materials from the tank every three to five years. Without pumping the septic tank occasionally, solids could flow into the leach field pipes and clog them.