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It depends on the type of tree. Typically, late spring on the cusp of winter is ideal for trees about to emerge from dormancy and produce new buds. That said, late fall is ideal for certain deciduous trees prone to bleeding sap. Avoid trimming trees in early spring, when they’re prone to disease.

In most cases, you should not use a pruning seal on trees after trimming. Applying a sealant can interfere with the tree's natural healing process, and it does not guarantee protection from pathogens. Instead of sealing the cut, the best practice is to support the tree's natural recovery by providing it with plenty of water and a dormant-style fertilizer. However, there are exceptions. Pruning seals may be recommended for very vulnerable species, like elm trees, in areas where dangerous diseases such as Dutch elm disease are prevalent. In these specific situations, the protection offered by a sealant can outweigh its downsides. For advice tailored to your situation, especially after cutting large branches, it is best to consult a local tree trimming professional.

The ideal time to prune a tree depends on the type of tree. Typically, late winter or early spring is a good time to prune but isn't always the case for "towering trees." It's best to trim when trees are dormant and before blooms appear but can vary depending on the tree type. It's always best to research the type of tree or ask a professional tree trimmer to determine when is the perfect time to prune your tree.

Signs include dead branches, growth over structures, diseases, pests, or roots impacting hardscapes.