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Insulation questions, answered by experts

The thickness of floor insulation will depend on the R-value you plan to achieve. R-value varies on the type of material as well as its thickness and density. Insulation materials with low R-values can be layered to match the value of denser materials. As long as your floor insulation is packed tightly, seals the area from drafts, and doesn’t prevent ventilation, it can be as thick (or thin) as you need.

Most homeowners installing blown-in insulation as a one-off DIY project should simply rent a blower. They tend to be very heavy, and contractor-grade machines can cost $13,000 to $16,000.

The lifespan of cellulose insulation is 20 to 30 years, on average. That said, it’s important to start checking your insulation after year 10 to check for degradation, mold, mildew, and other potential problems. Every 10 years, you should also confirm your home’s insulation is in line with updated local building codes.

The benefits of insulating your pipes include preventing freezing, sweating, and condensation. In addition, insulating your pipes can make your home more energy-efficient by keeping your pipes from losing or gaining heat. You’ll be able to turn the temperature of your water heater down by two to four degrees Fahrenheit. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, this can reduce energy costs by 3% to 4% per year.

R-30 insulation is better for higher thermal resistance, but whether it’s "better" depends on the application. R-30 is much thicker and suited for areas like attics or floors in cold climates, where more insulation is required. R-13, on the other hand, is thinner and works well for 2x4 walls or milder climates where less insulation is sufficient. Choosing between R-13 and R-30 depends on the area being insulated and the climate. For example, R-30 provides more insulation but may not fit everywhere in your home.