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Glass fibers are often used in HEPA filters because of their high efficiency, durability, and thermal stability. Some HEPA filters are made with synthetic fibers, but they may not be as effective. While there is some fiberglass shedding, as long as the HEPA filter is intact and not cut open, the amount of fiberglass released by a HEPA filter is well below the breathable particulate matter.

The type of insulation you need in your home depends on your location, the installation site, and your region’s climate. According to Energy Star, insulation in homes in the Southern United States should have an R-value of between R30 and R60 in attics and R13 to R25 in the floors and walls; homes in moderate climates require R values of R38 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls; and homes in northern states require an R value of R49 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls.

Whether or not you need to insulate exposed ductwork depends on state and local building codes. There is no national requirement for duct insulation. Even if your local codes don't require it, duct insulation can be useful to increase the efficiency of old, thin, or flexible duct materials. Ducts should also be insulated in basements and ceilings to avoid condensation.

You should not put fiberglass insulation in basements, since fiberglass is known to trap mold and mold is more commonly grown and produced in basements. You should also avoid placing insulation near water heaters, oil burners, or other hot appliances. For more information about the best and worst places to install insulation, consider hiring an insulation professional.