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Tree experts don’t advise against digging through tree roots, but instead encourage caution and consultation with a local arborist to make sure you don’t damage the tree’s structure or interrupt its water or nutrient intake. An arborist can recommend specific practices when digging and help prune the roots or dig a trench for utilities with a tool that can remove soil without touching the tree’s roots.

There are two types of arborists: certified and consulting. A certified arborist is licensed and equipped to provide tree pruning, planting, fertilizing, monitoring, transplanting, treatment, and removal services. A consulting arborist specializes in tree appraisals, diagnosing problems and recommending treatments for illnesses. However, they will not provide these services themselves. Most consulting arborists are certified arborists who can refer you to a tree service that can administer the correct treatments.

In general, trees should be planted no closer than 15 to 20 feet from your foundation. For larger trees with far-reaching roots like maples, oaks, or poplars, a good guide is to plant as many feet from your home as the tree’s height is expected to reach at maturity. Some trees, like elms and willows, should only be planted far from where their roots may encounter sewer or water lines.

Pruning is an effective way to prevent a diseased branch from infecting the rest of the tree. If the infection isn’t caught early enough and the pathogen has spread to the trunk or the majority of the branches though, it is too late to prune off the affected areas and you’ll likely need to remove the tree.