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The damper, located just above the firebox, can open or close the chimney flue. The damper should remain closed unless there’s a fire burning in the fireplace. Closing the damper prevents energy loss through the chimney and cold air from seeping into the home during the winter. Opening the damper helps maintain airflow when there is a fire and prevents smoke and gases from venting into the house.

Backdraft is usually caused by a ventilation or pressure problem. To stop it, you need to replace the air your fireplace draws out through the chimney, so open a window to try and increase the airflow. Sometimes turning on a kitchen or bathroom exhaust fan can help, but they could also be the cause of the backdraft depending on the air pressure inside your home. You may need to install a makeup air system (MUAS) or chimney fan.

There are fire codes for a fireplace mantel made of wood or other combustible material. The mantel must be mounted at least six inches away from the fireplace opening on all sides with a non-combustible material—like stone or brick—installed between the mantel and fireplace. Building codes and regulations will vary based on your location, so before beginning the project, research the requirements in your area.

The best location for a wood stove depends on your home's layout and venting options. For optimal heat distribution, a central location on the ground floor, such as the living room, is often recommended. If you have an existing, functional chimney, installing the stove there can simplify the venting process. Alternatively, placing the stove near an outside wall can make it easier to route a new chimney through the roof. For safety, ensure no combustible materials are near the stove. Building codes typically require 20 to 36 inches of clearance between the stove and any side walls.