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Once the animals and their young are out of the house, remove the nest and locate any entry points. Some may be difficult to find because some animals can fit through very small holes. Once you’ve located as many entry points as possible, use materials such as metal or masonry to block off the entry. Ideally, you should choose materials that most animals cannot chew through. Create a one-way door or flap to allow animals to leave but not return. Additional methods include using repellants designed to make an area unappealing to the types of animals that find your home so inviting. 

Hawk attacks on pets are rare, and they won’t target animals that outweigh them. Hawks typically weigh between one and three pounds. That means you don’t need to worry if you have a Labrador Retriever or French Bulldog. However, small cats and toy breed dogs, like Chihuahuas, are at risk. Pet attacks are more likely in winter when food is scarce or in the early summer when inexperienced young hawks are honing their hunting skills.

Birds are often averse to certain strong scents. For instance, the odor of predator urine, such as that from foxes or hawks, can deter them. Similarly, birds may dislike the pungent aromas of garlic, onions, and chili peppers. Essential oils like peppermint, eucalyptus, and citrus can also be effective in keeping birds away. However, it's important to note that individual bird species might react differently to these scents, so it might require some experimentation to find the most effective repellent for your specific situation.

It can be difficult to know what type of animal is in your attic until you see it. But several clues can help you narrow down the suspects:

• Sounds: Smaller animals like rats and mice make scurrying and tapping/gnawing sounds. Larger animals like raccoons and opossums make louder clambering noises. Also, note when animals are noisy: Squirrels are active during the day, while rats are busiest at night.

• Droppings: Rats and mice leave small, rice-shaped droppings (the rat’s version is significantly larger). Bigger droppings belong to larger critters like raccoons. As long as you’re not squeamish, an image search can help you identify what you’re seeing in your attic.

When in doubt, take photos of damage or other evidence and show them to an experienced pest control pro.