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Skunks spray as a defense mechanism to ward off predators. The active ingredient in their sulfurous, oily musk is n-butyl mercaptan, which evaporates into a powerful and smelly gas. Once the spray hits the skunk’s target, the stench can linger for days, and water and common cleaning kits aren’t enough to wash it away.

If you happen upon a skunk in your yard, try to back away slowly to reduce the chance of them aiming at you. Encouragingly, they don’t use their weapon casually, as it can take up to 10 days for their life-saving weaponry to refill. Paw stamping, hissing, lifting their tail, and arching their back are early signs they feel trapped or under threat and that it’s time to make a careful retreat.

This varies based on the circumstance. Chemical-based pest control baits and poisons are usually the most potent, but they are unsafe to use around children and pets, so they won’t be a fit for every household.

Safer alternatives, such as boric acid and food-grade diatomaceous earth, can work as well, though they should still stay out of reach. Aside from that, the best thing any DIY-er can do is make their place uninviting by sealing off entry points, eliminating clutter, and maintaining a clean home.

Squirrels hate anything that disturbs the peace in their nest. Loud noises, bright lights, and strong smells like cayenne pepper or mothballs will deter them from your attic. Spread these scents, add a strobe light, or use an ultrasonic repeller to keep squirrels from nesting in your attic.

No, skunks are not considered aggressive and are typically very gentle, mild-mannered creatures. However, when they’re provoked, they do emit their potent spray as a defense mechanism. Skunks are also useful creatures to have near your property since they eat insects and will likely leave you and your pets alone unless they’re startled.