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To diagnose a bad HVAC or AC damper, assess the airflow from your vents. For a manual damper, close it, run your system, and check for airflow. If air is still coming through the vents, the damper is likely faulty and needs repair or replacement. For an automatic damper, turn on your HVAC system and monitor the airflow and room temperature. Signs of a problem include low airflow, a room that won't maintain its set temperature, or a drafty feeling. If you suspect a faulty automatic damper, you may need to hire a professional for repairs.

If your AC suddenly stops working, the first thing to check is your thermostat settings. Ensure the thermostat is set to the appropriate temperature and mode (cooling). Sometimes, a simple adjustment or replacing the batteries in the thermostat can resolve the issue. If that’s not the issue, look to see if the circuit breaker tripped. These basic checks can often identify simple fixes before you need to call for professional assistance.

Some AC filters, known as reusable filters, can be cleaned and reinserted. Most AC filters, however, are disposable and cannot be cleaned. 

The DOE is phasing out AC units with SEER ratings that fall below 14 or 15. The exact minimum rating depends on your region. In the northern United States, new ACs must have a minimum SEER rating of 14, though you can still buy and install older systems as long as they were compliant when they were manufactured. In the southern and southwestern United States, you cannot buy or install older air conditioners with lower SEER ratings. The minimum rating is between 14.5 and 15, depending on the power of the unit.