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If you want to avoid burying your downspouts, several alternatives can help direct water away from your home's foundation. One option is to connect a rain barrel to your downspout. During a storm, the barrel collects water that you can later use for irrigating your lawn or garden. Another common solution is to install an above-ground downspout extension. This can be done in a couple of ways:

• Splash Guards: Placing a splash guard, available at most hardware stores, under your downspout can act as a simple funnel to direct water away from the house.

• Downspout Extensions: You can add an extension to the end of the downspout's elbow to carry water further into your yard. Some extensions are flexible, allowing you to maneuver them around landscaping.

These above-ground solutions are particularly useful if your home has a slab foundation that you cannot dig up. However, they have limitations. An extension may not move water as far from your home as an underground system. More importantly, if your yard slopes back toward your house, these methods will be ineffective, and burying your downspouts remains the best option to prevent potential flooding and water damage.

Shingle granules can be cleaned out of gutters using a small scoop or a hose, depending on the quantity of granules and how much other debris is in your gutters. First, clear your gutters of leaves and other debris. This may remove granules in the gutters if they are mixed in with the debris. Use a plastic scoop to remove larger quantities of granules or a hose with a high-powered nozzle for smaller amounts, and collect and dispose of the granules once they’ve been removed.

The kind of gutter guards you have will affect how often you need to clean them. The more basic type of gutter screen requires cleaning once or twice a year. With a micromesh screen, you may be able to extend the time between cleanings to every two years or so.

However, if you have trees near your roof, you’ll need to clean your gutters more frequently, especially if you have chicken-wire or colander-type gutter guards. If you have pine trees near your roof, you may even need to clean your gutters quarterly, as tiny pine needles can get through any type of gutter guard.

No—gutters should be designed and properly installed so they are ready to handle any level of rainflow from your roof. If you notice pooling water around your gutters or on the roof, it’s imperative that you contact a gutter repair pro near you—the slope of your gutters could be off and need adjusting.