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Wood windows fall in the middle of the window frame materials when it comes to energy efficiency. They’re more insulating than aluminum and vinyl, but they aren’t as efficient as fiberglass or composite frames. If you love the look and lifespan of wood windows and want to maximize efficiency, you can upgrade to double-pane or triple-pane glass and consider window tinting and low-emissivity (low-E) coatings to minimize heat transfer.

Use a high-quality caulk with silicone around your windows, as it’s waterproof and shrink-proof. Or, you can use a caulk consisting of polyurethane or acrylic if you want to be able to paint over it. Caulk made from silicone is not paintable. Avoid using inexpensive caulk that has a resin or oil base. These caulks will not last long and may shrink and pull away from the window as temperatures go up and down.

Casement windows can either be left or right opening, and every window manufacturer makes both so that you can choose which works best for your space. In many cases, you’ll want one left-opening and one right-opening casement window to sit on either side of a picture window or to act as the side panels in a bay window. Just remember that the direction is described from the curb. An FCL (from the curb left) hinges out to the left if you’re looking at the exterior of your home, and an FCR (from the curb right) hinges out to the right.

Bay windows and garden windows differ in both size and window angle. Garden windows are smaller than bay windows and extend from the house at 90-degree angles, creating a box-like shape. Bay windows, often much larger than garden windows, consist of three windows set at 25- to 45-degree angles to jut out from your home.