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When woodpeckers start banging on your walls or roof, they are probably looking for insects to eat, storing nuts for winter, drilling a hole to make a nest, or communicating with other birds to establish territory or find a mate.

The size of the hole can help determine the reason for the pecking. Small irregular holes are a result of insect hunts. Acorn holes are more consistently sized and often fitted with a nut in the middle. Nest holes are large and have rounded edges. If the bird is pecking to mark its territory or attract a mate, it may leave dents rather than holes, and the noise will stop when the mating season starts in spring.

Several bugs can look like ticks but aren’t, including beetles, bed bugs, spider beetles, and weevils. Aside from different types of beetles, the most common confusion is between ticks versus bed bugs. In any case, since a tick is an eight-legged arachnid, you can quickly differentiate by the number of legs, as all insects have six legs.

Scientists have found that the chemical traces a dying wasp releases can agitate nearby wasps and make them more aggressive. It may not necessarily attract wasps, but it will make wasps in the area more likely to investigate and feel threatened, which leads to more stings. As a result, it’s not a good idea to swat or crush a wasp anywhere near their nest. Once you have found a nest, hire a wasp exterminator.

It can be difficult to know what type of animal is in your attic until you see it. But several clues can help you narrow down the suspects:

• Sounds: Smaller animals like rats and mice make scurrying and tapping/gnawing sounds. Larger animals like raccoons and opossums make louder clambering noises. Also, note when animals are noisy: Squirrels are active during the day, while rats are busiest at night.

• Droppings: Rats and mice leave small, rice-shaped droppings (the rat’s version is significantly larger). Bigger droppings belong to larger critters like raccoons. As long as you’re not squeamish, an image search can help you identify what you’re seeing in your attic.

When in doubt, take photos of damage or other evidence and show them to an experienced pest control pro.