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Deciduous shade trees (the type of trees whose leaves fall off in autumn) need to be pruned in late winter—between February and March. That’s because it’s easier to find and remove sick or dead branches when no leaves are present. And wounds close and heal faster in colder temperatures so pruning them at this time also makes them less prone to infection.

A few signs a tree may be dead is if the leaves are dead and there are no signs of new blooms. You can also perform a scratch test on some of the branches to check the condition of the cambium layer beneath the bark.

If it is green, it is still alive, but if several are dry, brittle, and brown, the tree may be dying or dead. Always consult an arborist before assuming your tree is dead because you may be able to save it.

Surface-level tree roots might only pose a small threat, such as being a tripping hazard or obstacle when you mow your lawn. But if mature tree roots start growing in the direction of your home’s foundation or plumbing system, it could be a real problem. Cutting small tree roots out before they grow too large can keep your home safe without removing the whole tree.

Pruning trees is important for several reasons. It improves tree health and strength by removing dead, diseased, or unwanted branches, which in turn encourages new growth and can help treat disease. For fruit trees, proper pruning can lead to a larger and better-quality harvest. Pruning also enhances safety by removing weak limbs that could break and fall, potentially causing injury or property damage, especially during storms. Beyond these functional benefits, pruning can also improve a tree's appearance. To ensure pruning is done correctly for the tree's long-term health, consider hiring a professional.