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Joists and beams are both part of the flooring system above your basement, with the beams spanning the length of your home and getting support from vertical posts underneath, and joists usually spanning half the width of your home with no support posts underneath. The floor joists provide even support to the subflooring and flooring above, and they distribute that load to the beams. The beams then distribute that load down through the support posts to the foundation.

If you don’t have a power saw with a blade where you can adjust the angle, you could use a miter box and hand saw to make the cuts. The miter box contains wide slots to support the piece of baseboard and other narrow slots to accommodate the blade of the hand saw. However, it’s tough to make non-standard cuts beyond 30 or 45 degrees when using a miter box.

If you’re just replacing a few broken or damaged joists, you can expect to pay anywhere from $100 to $300 per joist. However, a complete installation for a home or room will take into account the cost of labor, which ranges from $25 to $40 per hour. Floor joist installation for an entire room, for example, can cost between $5,000 and $10,000, depending on the room's size and the materials used.

While the Arts and Crafts movement inspired many architectural elements, the primary styles from the time include Craftsman, Tudor Revivals, bungalows, and Mission homes. You'll see elements of these styles in homes, churches, museums, and schools—particularly Country Day schools from the era.