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The best type of attic insulation depends on where you live, your budget, and what stage of construction the attic is in. For example, if you're building a house, then structural insulated panels are a worthy investment since they're easy to install during construction and they're the most energy-efficient type of insulation.  

Additionally, if you live in a very warm climate, then you can potentially save quite a bit of money by opting for reflective insulation, which is more affordable than comprehensive insulation but doesn't work well for cool climates. Blown-in, loose-fill, and spray foam insulation are all great options for attics in moderate climates.

Pipes in your house can freeze after six hours or so if you lose power and temperatures are below freezing. You can prepare for potential power outages by winterizing your pipes with insulation. Also, whenever temperatures drop below 20 degrees Fahrenheit, turn your faucets on very low and leave them dripping until temperatures rise.

Insulating under a concrete slab foundation is a great way to improve the energy efficiency of your home, but it isn't necessary for outdoor projects like driveways, patios, sidewalks, and walkways. If you’re pouring in cold weather, insulating under the slab can help prevent heat loss from the concrete, aiding in proper curing. Along with accelerants, this can be a good way to ensure strong concrete despite pouring in the cold.

You should not use spray foam insulation in several specific areas. Avoid applying it in spaces exposed to high temperatures, such as near electrical boxes or recessed lighting, unless the foam is specifically rated for such use. Applying foam near electrical boxes can damage the wiring, and using it too close to lightboxes or recessed lights creates a potential fire hazard. Additionally, do not use spray foam in areas prone to shifting or movement, as this can lead to cracks and gaps in the insulation. Finally, open-cell foam is unsuitable for use below ground or in areas exposed to moisture because it can absorb water, which compromises its insulating effectiveness.