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Heat is the most effective instant killer of bed bugs. Exposing them to temperatures above 131 degrees Fahrenheit for over an hour can eliminate them. Methods like steam cleaners and using a dryer on high heat are effective for this. Other options that can kill bed bugs on contact include EPA-approved pesticides, bleach, disinfectant sprays with alcohol, diatomaceous earth, and hydrogen peroxide. While freezing can work, it is not an instant solution, as it can take several days at 0 degrees Fahrenheit to be effective. Keep in mind that many DIY treatments won't reach bed bugs hidden in cracks or behind walls. For severe infestations or the most effective results, it is best to hire a professional exterminator for a professional heat or chemical treatment.

Bed bugs bite your body to feed on blood. When they bite, they inject an anticoagulant, which is why you may see blood stains on your sheets if you have an infestation. The bed bugs tend to bite in clusters, so the bite marks will look like itchy, red spots in zigzagging lines of three to five bites per cluster on your skin.

The bites are itchy, but for most people, they do not cause serious or long-term health complications. Itching the wound excessively could lead to an infection, and some people are allergic to bed bugs.

A rat nest often looks like a messy, loosely formed pile hidden in a quiet spot. It may appear as a ball-shaped cluster or just a scattered heap made from shredded paper, fabric, insulation, leaves, twigs, and other soft materials. Rats gather whatever they can find nearby to build their nests, often tucking them away in walls, attics, or behind appliances for warmth and safety.

A solution of vinegar and water can deter moles, but be careful about the strength of the solution. Too much vinegar can dry out and kill grass or other plants when distributed too frequently.