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You should plan to change your AC unit's filter every one to three months, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations. You should also clean the coils at least once per year, but if you have pets or someone in your household has allergies, you might need to clean them more often. Fortunately, many pros will clean the coils and change the filter for you during an inspection, which you should schedule once or twice per year.

The lifespan of a whole-house air purifier or filtration system depends on several factors, but with proper maintenance, they are built to last. A whole-house system that integrates with your home's ductwork can last 10 to 15 years, or even for the entire lifetime of your existing HVAC system. To maximize the unit's lifespan, perform regular cleanings, change filters as recommended, and schedule an annual inspection to catch potential issues early. The system's longevity also depends on its frequency of use and how hard it must work to maintain your desired air quality. For comparison, smaller, portable air filter systems typically last between five and ten years.

A correctly installed air filter will fit snugly in its compartment. One that’s too thick or big won’t lie smoothly, and it can block the airflow, sometimes resulting in strange noises. A filter that’s too small or improperly fitted may move around in the compartment, resulting in strange humming or vibration noises. Poor fitting can eventually cause a buildup of dirt in the HVAC ductwork, and reduced indoor air quality can lead to sneezing or excess dust on your surfaces.

If you do not regularly change your HVAC filter, it will become clogged with dust, dirt, and other contaminants. This blockage forces the system to work harder to circulate air, leading to higher energy bills, poor temperature regulation, and increased wear on parts, which can cause more frequent breakdowns and shorten the system's overall lifespan. Additionally, a dirty filter that no longer traps contaminants can lead to poor indoor air quality, potential health problems, and even complete system failure.