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Applying a sealer after staining is often recommended, especially for outdoor wood surfaces like decks or fences. It helps protect the wood from moisture, UV rays, and other elements, extending the life of the stain and preserving the wood's appearance. It also enhances the stain's durability and resistance to wear and tear. 

However, in some indoor applications, a sealer may not be necessary, depending on the type of stain used and the level of protection required. Always check the specific product recommendations and consider the wood's exposure and usage when deciding whether to apply a sealer after staining.

The best way to protect a deck is to prevent damage from UV light, water, mold, mildew, insects, and abrasive cleaning methods. Sweep regularly to prevent debris that hides bugs and traps moisture that can result in mold or mildew growth. Use a deck cleaner once a year to remove algae, mold, and mildew. Avoid using pressure washers on high, as they can damage the wood. Applying a deck sealant can protect the wood from UV and water damage, and adding shade can also reduce sunlight damage.

The plastic in composite decking boards protects them enough that you do not need to paint them to prevent warping. In fact, painting composite decking voids the warranty of some manufacturers. Painting can also increase maintenance on the deck, as you must paint regularly to keep it looking its best.

It’s best to prime composite decking before painting. This promotes better paint adhesion, helps create a smooth finish, and can mean the paint job will last longer. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for application, allow ample primer drying time before painting (typically 24 to 48 hours), and thoroughly clean the deck boards to promote the best adhesion.