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Squirrels hate not having access to secure shelter or food sources. Your best line of defense is to make your property less attractive by removing access to these things. There are chemical squirrel repellents, but these have mixed success. According to Pennsylvania State University, you can apply products containing the bittering agent denatonium saccharide to a squirrel's favorite fence, tree, or roof spots. However, you need to reapply repellents regularly, which aren’t scientifically proven effective.

In certain cases, yes, the bees may go away on their own, but it’s a risk. Some bee types, such as bumblebees, create seasonal nests and then die out as their new queens seek homes elsewhere. But in most cases, you can’t count on the bees leaving naturally. It’s also not a great idea to leave openings in your walls any longer than you have to, which can attract other pests or cause moisture damage.

Yes, honey bees can sting, but they typically only do it when they feel their hive is threatened. When honey bees are away from their hive, they’re focused on foraging for pollen and nectar, making them unlikely to sting. Only female honey bees, called workers, have stingers, and they will die if they need to use them. Generally, if left undisturbed, honey bees will leave you alone.

It can be difficult to know what type of animal is in your attic until you see it. But several clues can help you narrow down the suspects:

• Sounds: Smaller animals like rats and mice make scurrying and tapping/gnawing sounds. Larger animals like raccoons and opossums make louder clambering noises. Also, note when animals are noisy: Squirrels are active during the day, while rats are busiest at night.

• Droppings: Rats and mice leave small, rice-shaped droppings (the rat’s version is significantly larger). Bigger droppings belong to larger critters like raccoons. As long as you’re not squeamish, an image search can help you identify what you’re seeing in your attic.

When in doubt, take photos of damage or other evidence and show them to an experienced pest control pro.