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If you have a steep driveway, angular gravel, which is 3/4 to 2 inches in length, is a great choice. The stones won’t slide, allow for proper drainage, and stay in place even on the steepest slope.

Basic kits exist, but professional soil engineers provide in-depth analysis and construction recommendations.

Among the most common types of gravel are pea gravel, crushed stone, marble chips, jersey shore gravel, and base gravel. Gravel has different densities depending on whether it’s wet or dry or mixed with sand.

A light layer of mulch can help protect a tree, retain moisture, and keep the soil healthy. However, it’s important to avoid over-mulching or piling the mulch up around the trunk of a tree, a practice notoriously called “volcano mulching.” That piled mulch can increase the chances of rot and disease on the tree trunk as well as overwhelming the soil, which needs access to a certain amount of air. Topped trees have it hard enough: mulch sparingly while they heal.