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Yes, you can tile over existing shower tiles, but it's better to remove the old tiles first for the best results. Tiling over existing tiles requires a clean, level surface and proper adhesion. If the old tiles are in good condition, you can roughen the surface to improve adhesion. However, removing the old tiles ensures a smoother, longer-lasting finish and prevents potential issues down the line.

You can technically install tile over tile, but we don’t suggest it. Installing tile over any surface that isn’t a completely flat and prepared subfloor will result in a shoddy overall job, uneven flooring, tiles that don’t adhere, extra weight, gaps, cracks, and room for moisture and dirt to enter. For the best results, only install new tile on a flat, sanded surface like subflooring or concrete that is prepared for tile.

If you have asbestos tile and would rather tile over it than remove it, or if your existing tile is completely flat and bonded tightly to the floor, you may be able to tile over existing tile. But experts recommend thinking twice before you do.

Grout and caulk are commonly used together, especially in bathrooms. Grout goes between the tiles and keeps them sturdy and in place on the walls or floor. Caulk goes in corners or where two different materials meet (like where the bathtub meets the tile) to create a waterproof seal. However, they are not interchangeable—you shouldn't use caulk to adhere tile and shouldn’t use mortar if you need a waterproof seal.

For best results, you should remove the toilet in a bathroom before removing tile or installing new tile. If you don’t remove the toilet, it will be harder to fully waterproof the tile around the toilet, which could increase the risk of mold growth or plumbing leaks. If you have trouble removing the toilet, hire a plumber to help.