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A wood deck needs an annual cleaning, plus refinishing every two to three years, which involves sanding the deck and applying stain or sealer. If you have a painted deck, you’ll need to repaint it every 10 years. You should also fix and repair loose or broken deck boards, nails, and screws. Cleaning your deck regularly and applying sealant protects the wood from the elements, water damage, rot, mildew, and fading from the sun.

To flatten a cupped deck board, start by ensuring it’s dry. Then, try flipping the board over so the cupped side faces down and reattach it. If that’s not possible, you can use screws to pull it tighter to the joists or plane the edges slightly to reduce the cup. It’s best to replace severely cupped boards.

The signs of rot depend on the type. Dry rot looks like cube-shaped cracks with a fluffy white, cotton-like texture. Wood with dry rot may also have a strong, musty smell. 

Signs of other types of rot include wood that looks mushy or has black spots. The wood may crumble or give way when touched.

While the chemical, copper-based coating on pressure-treated wood offers protection from rot and pests, it’s not a silver bullet. An added sealant will help protect the wood further, though sometimes the wood is treated in a way that causes premature failure, and this is largely out of your control. It’s simply a case of bad luck. Regularly inspect all your house’s wood to look for any cracks or signs of mold and mildew. Getting ahead of the problem is the key to ensuring it doesn’t grow out of control.