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Septic Tanks questions, answered by experts

A septic tank is an underground container that collects and holds wastewater until it’s sufficiently filtered and broken down. It treats wastewater by separating waste so the leftover liquid can travel into the drainfield where the soil and gravel eventually filter and purify it. This process naturally eliminates bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants.

How do you set your well’s pressure tank? All you need to do is first drain the tank of water and find the pressure switch. Remove the switch cover and adjust the switch with a wrench—clockwise to increase water pressure, and counter-clockwise to reduce it. Each complete turn of the nut on the switch should equal 2.5 psi. Once this is done, replace the switch cover. All that’s left is to adjust the pressure of the tank itself using an air compressor and a tire gauge to support the new setting.

There are a couple of ways you can determine the depth of your well. One method is to use a device called a well sounder. This tool has a long measuring tape containing a sensor to alert you once the end reaches the water. 

Or you can DIY it by using a long tape measure with a half-filled bottle of water attached to it. Lower the tape measure into your well. Once you feel tension on the tape, you’ll know the bottle has reached your static water level. This will give you an approximate idea of your well’s depth.

The best times of year to empty or pump a septic tank are spring and fall. Many professionals recommend spring because the ground has thawed, making the tank easier to access and the waste less likely to be frozen. Pumping before summer also helps avoid conflicts with vacations or outdoor gatherings. Fall is another great option, as contractors may be less busy, and servicing the tank can reduce the risk of overflow from winter and spring precipitation. While summer is also a suitable time, winter is generally not recommended due to frozen ground.

For the most part, choosing between 30/50 psi and 40/60 psi is based on your water-pressure preference. However, it can also depend a little bit on your house—if you have older plumbing, a lower water pressure can be easier on the pipes (and a bit more gentle on your well pump). 

The lower 30/50 pressure is usually enough for a single-story home, but you may want 40/60 if you have multiple stories, as the extra pressure helps water flow smoothly up to the second floor.

The Millry, AL homeowners’ guide to septic tank services

From average costs to expert advice, get all the answers you need to get your job done.