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Marble is a porous natural stone that needs sealant to minimize staining. Leaving this type of countertop material sealant-free means any liquids left on the surface will quickly absorb into the stone, discoloring it and dulling the sheen. Dark or acidic liquids, like red wine, coffee, and lemon, are the worst culprits. 

The frequency for sealing granite countertops depends on several factors, including the type of sealant used, the color of the granite, and how heavily the countertops are used. As a general guideline, resealing is often recommended every 12 to 18 months, but some sources suggest it could be as often as every few months or at least once a year.

The type of sealant is a major factor: water-based sealants may need reapplication every six months to a year, while more durable solvent-based sealants can last for five to 10 years. Additionally, factors like heavy kitchen traffic, frequent use of acidic cleaners, and lighter granite colors may require more frequent sealing to prevent staining.

To determine if your countertops need resealing, you can perform a simple water test. Place a few drops of water or a wet paper towel on an inconspicuous area of the granite. After 10 to 15 minutes, check the spot. If the water has beaded up, the seal is still intact. If the water has been absorbed and darkened the stone, it's time to apply a new coat of sealant. You can choose to seal the granite yourself or hire a professional to ensure it's done correctly.

The lifespan of painted countertops depends on the products used and how well they are maintained. Generally, they can last for a couple of years before needing a fresh coat. To maximize their longevity, it is vital to apply a durable sealer, such as a resin or water-based acrylic topcoat, over the paint. After applying the sealer, allow it to cure for the full recommended time, which can range from seven to ten days, to ensure a fully protected surface.

Quartzite is more expensive than granite, largely because of its rarity. Granite is naturally more common. A granite slab generally costs $40 to $60 per square foot (excluding super-rare types), while quartzite slabs cost anywhere from $50 to $150 per square foot. 

With both materials, it’s usually more affordable to purchase stones that are readily available in your location. You may need to import other stones, which come at a higher cost.