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Rats are nocturnal creatures, meaning they are most active at night, typically from late evening through the early morning. They use the cover of darkness to explore, forage for food, and find water, as they feel safer and can avoid daytime predators and human activity. Their sharp senses, including keen night vision and hearing, are well-suited for navigating in the dark. Because they prefer to stay hidden during the day in secluded areas like walls or attics, you are more likely to spot signs of their presence—such as droppings or gnaw marks—before you see an actual rat.

It can be difficult to know what type of animal is in your attic until you see it. But several clues can help you narrow down the suspects:

• Sounds: Smaller animals like rats and mice make scurrying and tapping/gnawing sounds. Larger animals like raccoons and opossums make louder clambering noises. Also, note when animals are noisy: Squirrels are active during the day, while rats are busiest at night.

• Droppings: Rats and mice leave small, rice-shaped droppings (the rat’s version is significantly larger). Bigger droppings belong to larger critters like raccoons. As long as you’re not squeamish, an image search can help you identify what you’re seeing in your attic.

When in doubt, take photos of damage or other evidence and show them to an experienced pest control pro.

Generally, the chemicals in hornet venom deliver a more painful sting than wasp stings. But wasps can still pack a punch when they sting, especially if they sting multiple times. One of the most painful insect stings in the world is that of the tarantula hawk. Fortunately, this sting is usually only an issue if you’re a tarantula.

The right snake trap depends on your needs and the species of snake. Glue traps are the easiest to handle but are inhumane and may catch and kill other animals, like squirrels, birds, and mice. Cage traps catch snakes alive so they can be released elsewhere. Minnow traps are the best choice for water snakes.