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If your lawn hasn't been aerated in over a year, or the soil is incredibly compacted, do two passes with the aerator. The first pass should follow your mowing pattern and the second one should form a perpendicular angle relative to the first. Stick to 20 to 40 holes per square foot as a rule of thumb.

Yes! Aerating your lawn during its dormancy period—usually over winter and early spring—can cause a disturbance that the grass may not easily recover from. Instead, you should aerate your lawn during its peak growth period, usually in the late summer or early fall (though with some variation based on specific grass type).

There are a few time periods or conditions during which you should avoid aerating your lawn. For example, do not aerate when the ground is frozen or waterlogged, as it can damage the soil structure and grass roots. Aerating during the peak of summer heat or drought is also not recommended since it can stress your grass further. It's best to wait for cooler, more favorable conditions. Finally, newly seeded lawns should not be aerated until the grass is well-established, usually at least one year after seeding.

If you plan on laying new grass seed, try to wait eight weeks before stepping on it. You might need to wait an entire season to drive your car across the driveway. Sod establishes itself in the ground in about two weeks.