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The four types of hazardous waste are toxic, corrosive, flammable, and reactive. These four types fall under the EPA’s designation of characteristic hazardous waste. The EPA also categorizes hazardous wastes as listed, which includes specific byproducts or unused chemicals from manufacturing and industrial processes, universal waste, including bulbs, mercury, pesticides, batteries, and various other common substances, and mixed waste containing radioactive material.

Lead toxicity comes from inhaling lead or consuming it. Before the 1980s, when the government banned lead from consumer use, it could be found in paint, plumbing, pipes, ceramics, and even gasoline. Lead paint is toxic for the same reason lead itself is toxic, which is why lead poisoning from paint presents the same as lead poisoning from water or food sources, with a slight increase in respiratory symptoms vs. digestive symptoms. Lead paint is most dangerous when it’s old and peeling, cracking, or otherwise disturbed. This increases the concentration in the air and, therefore, in breathable air. 

The EPA broadly defines hazardous waste as any waste that could pose a danger to humans or the environment. More specifically, it includes any material that could combust or explode under normal temperatures and pressure, as well as materials that are toxic or corrosive. Some common household hazardous waste products include aerosol cans, paint cans, old tires, medical supplies, unused medications, fire extinguishers, cleaning solutions, and lawn care products.

Properties should be tested for lead every 2-3 years, especially if they are older, have undergone renovations, or show deterioration of paint or interior finishes.