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You should wait at least 24 hours for drywall mud to dry before sanding or applying another coat. However, the exact drying time depends on several factors, including the thickness of the application, room temperature, humidity, and the type of compound used. Thicker layers, or projects in high humidity, may require 48 hours or more. Lightweight compounds tend to dry faster than heavier, all-purpose ones. You'll know the mud is ready when it feels completely dry and firm to the touch and has changed to a consistent light color. Sanding too early can cause smudging or gouges, so patience is essential for a smooth finish.

Drywall can be toxic to the environment and to humans in some cases. As drywall breaks down in a landfill and comes in contact with other organic chemicals, it can create hydrogen sulfide gas or leach into the groundwater. Additionally, the CDC recommends methods for controlling the inhalation of drywall dust when handled. While the common ingredients of drywall—gypsum, silica, and mica—are naturally occurring, they can cause irritation in some humans.

Drywall mudding can be done in one day if the project is small and the desired effect isn’t too complex. If you need multiple layers of mud, one day may not be realistic. But a single room that requires little more than joint compound on the seams and screws can be done in a day or two.

Drywall can be installed directly on ceiling joists. In fact, this method is common in many construction projects. Drywall sheets are attached to the joists using screws, ensuring a secure and stable installation. Before attaching the drywall, it's important to mark the joist locations on the ceiling, allowing for accurate screw placement. Proper spacing between screws and careful taping and mudding of joints are crucial to creating a smooth and flawless ceiling surface. If the joists are in good condition and level, installing drywall directly on them is a practical and efficient approach.