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Moles live underground and feed on insects. They dig and move through tunnels, usually in meadows or forests but sometimes in lawns and gardens. They are about 6 inches long with large claws, tiny eyes, and hidden ears. 

Shrews do not dig their own tunnels but will use other animals’ tunnels, and are about 3 to 4 inches long. They look similar to mice and feed on insects.

Voles are similar in size to moles but have large eyes and small but visible ears. Rather than eating insects, voles are herbivores that prefer seeds, grasses, and plant roots.

Squirrels have a strong sense of smell and can be deterred by various scents they dislike. Effective options include peppermint oil, rosemary, garlic, cinnamon, white vinegar, coffee grounds, and predator urine. Squirrels also have a strong aversion to capsaicin, the compound that makes chili peppers hot, making capsaicin-based repellents a good choice for protecting specific areas like gardens or bird feeders. For a DIY solution, you can create a garlic and vinegar spray and apply it daily. Additionally, placing strong-smelling items like certain soaps or dryer sheets near where squirrels frequent can also be effective.

The primary attractant for moles is food. With a powerful sense of smell, they seek out grubs, earthworms, ants, and other insects in the soil. Other factors can also draw them in, such as moist, loose soil which makes tunneling easier, so an overwatered lawn can be an invitation. Additionally, male moles may enter your yard to expand their territory or find a mate, and if a neighbor has a mole problem, it's possible for them to tunnel over to your property.

There isn’t one best type of trap for an armadillo. However, Havahart and Tomahawk live wire cages are popular two-door brands commonly used for armadillos. One study suggests wooden traps with armadillo scent on them can increase the chance of success. It’s worth inquiring whether your local wildlife extension has scented traps or wire types available for rent.