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If you feel your energy bills are too high or your HVAC system is working harder than necessary to maintain the correct temperature in your home, you may have an under-insulated home. If you’re unsure, consider having your system’s efficiency assessed by a local independent energy auditor.

While there are many different kinds of insulation, spray foam, blown-in, foam board, and batt and roll are the four types you’re most likely to see. That doesn’t mean they’re alike, though. Each one varies drastically in terms of cost, materials used, and how they’re installed—not to mention, how well they limit heat transfer.

The best type of attic insulation depends on where you live, your budget, and what stage of construction the attic is in. For example, if you're building a house, then structural insulated panels are a worthy investment since they're easy to install during construction and they're the most energy-efficient type of insulation.  

Additionally, if you live in a very warm climate, then you can potentially save quite a bit of money by opting for reflective insulation, which is more affordable than comprehensive insulation but doesn't work well for cool climates. Blown-in, loose-fill, and spray foam insulation are all great options for attics in moderate climates.

Each of the three types of wool insulation has particular disadvantages. While their R-value is higher, they all cost more than fiberglass versions. Installing mineral wool and sheep wool requires protective gear. Because of its vulnerability to insects, chemicals are used in its production. Hemp wool is more costly to install than other types because additional tools and labor are involved.