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The five common types of landscape lighting are up-lighting, down-lighting, spotlights, built-in lighting, and pathway lighting.

• Up-lighting casts light upwards from the ground, mostly for aesthetic purposes.

• Down-lighting directs light onto the ground, lighting pathways, or outdoor space.

• Spotlights cast direct, focused lighting in any direction.

• Built-in lighting integrates lighting into an outdoor feature.

• Pathway lighting illuminates walkways, increasing safety.

Your maintenance needs revolve around the type of foundation you choose, as well as how you furnish or decorate it. Patios require little else other than the occasional hose-down, but decks and other wooden structures will require annual power washing and sealing. You may also need to restain the wood every two to three years.

Adding a solid roof rather than building a pergola or leaving the space open will make maintenance much easier. Without a roof, you will need to spend more time sweeping, washing, and covering your furniture to protect it from UV bleaching.

Modern outdoor light fixtures are waterproof and weather resistant, and, provided they’re installed correctly and by a professional, the fixture and wiring can last for 20 to 30 years or more. The lifespan will depend largely on the quality of the fixture. The lifespan of the bulb will depend on the type of light you install:

• CFL bulb (for sustained use): 15,000 hours

• Halogen bulb (mostly for security): 2,000 hours

• HID bulbs (for security): 12,000 hours

• Incandescent bulb: 1,000 hours

• LED bulb: 50,000 hours

Although security lighting may not deter a determined burglar, its presence will make your property that much less enticing to would-be trespassers. When paired with other types of home security systems like alarms and surveillance cameras, strong lights will better help you and the authorities identify thieves in the instance they attempt to break in or succeed at doing so.