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No, you do not need a garbage disposal to have a dishwasher. A dishwasher will work without one, and while it's rare to see a home with a dishwasher that doesn't have a disposal, it is possible. The two appliances pair well and are often installed together because a disposal simplifies meal cleanup.

However, your dishwasher should not be used as a replacement for a garbage disposal. Subjecting it to continuous food leftovers can lead to major clogs. If you choose not to install a garbage disposal, you should thoroughly rinse your plates or scrape excess food into the trash or a compost pile before loading them into the dishwasher to prevent plumbing issues.

A clogged air gap can cause a dishwasher not to drain. There are, however, other potential issues that can lead to improper drainage. For example, if you have attached the air gap to a garbage disposal and forgotten to remove the knockout plug, wastewater may backflow into the dishwasher. Check that the air gap is installed properly, and then look for clogs in the air gap and dishwasher filters. 

Repairs typically cost between $150 and $600, depending on the issue, parts needed, and labor charges.

Dishwashers should be cleaned a minimum of once every 3 months, but really it should be done monthly. This is to prevent germ buildup and will help keep your machine running smoothly. Dishwasher maintenance isn’t too difficult, you’ll simply clean the filter, wipe down the spray arms with vinegar or rubbing alcohol, and run the cycle on empty. If there is any debris, you can remove it with a small metal pick. Do not use wood as the tip can break off inside the machine.