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If you’re cleaning or repairing laminate floors, avoid anything abrasive like heavy-grit sandpaper or steel wool. Because the image layer is protected by a topcoat, the image layer is more vulnerable to scratches and damage if the topcoat is damaged. And if the image layer is scratched, it can reveal the wood fiber core.

Before starting on a full refinishing project, determine if your floors need to be completely sanded down to the bare wood or if the damage is shallow and mostly cosmetic. Deep scratches and gouges will require you to rough sand using a drum sander or belt sander, but small surface scratches or floors that have only lost their luster don’t need a complete overhaul. Instead, you can skip the rough sanding step and sand-screen the old finish with a buffer, removing only the top layer of polyurethane.

Most experts agree that the best thing with which to clean epoxy floors is a diluted mixture of ammonia and warm water. You can also use mild dish soap diluted with warm water or a degreaser (such as Simple Green or Goof Off) diluted with warm water. Some soap-based cleaners can leave a haze. If you notice this, further dilute the mixture with water or use a different detergent that does not leave a film. You should never use harsh cleaning chemicals, any type of acidic compound (such as vinegar or citrus-based cleansers), or harsh scrubbers like steel wool or hard bristle brushes.

Buffing will only remove scratches at the surface level of your flooring. You may also need to apply hardwood floor wax to restore the wax layer. To remove deeper scratches, you’ll need another floor repair method like sanding; however, if you sand the floor, you’ll also need to stain and seal it.