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Hard materials like glass, metal, and hardwood floors, washable fabrics, and undamaged electrical appliances can often be salvaged after a fire, although it depends on the extent of the damage. For washable fabrics, make sure to use a phosphate mix during the washing process to extract the smoke smell. There are a few things you should throw away after a fire, like canned foods and cosmetics, even if they don’t look like they’re damaged.

In many cases, professionals can completely remove certain types of smoke damage from walls and ceilings, but it’s only possible if the damage is minor. For more extensive damage from major fires, you’ll likely need to replace the damaged materials entirely. Some items, like upholstered furniture, are much trickier to clean and might need to be replaced even if the smoke damage is minimal.

Ozone smoke removal uses an ozone generator to eliminate stubborn odors from sources like house fires, wildfires, or cigarette smoke. Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive and unstable gas that effectively neutralizes smoke odors through a process called oxidation. It 'donates' its extra oxygen molecule to the organic compounds causing the smell, altering their structure and eliminating the odor, with oxygen being the primary byproduct. This method can be effective on building materials and furniture. However, because improper use of an ozone generator can be dangerous to your health, this treatment is best left to a professional.

The first thing you should do when cleaning smoke damage is open all your windows to ventilate the affected area and run an air purifier with a HEPA filter. Cover your furniture and belongings to prevent soot accumulation, and vacuum any soot that’s on the floor and other surfaces. Be sure to wear a mask, gloves, and eye protection when cleaning the affected area.