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You can clean curtains without washing them by vacuuming them and then steam cleaning or having them dry cleaned. When vacuuming, use a soft brush attachment if you’re working with a heartier material, like cotton or polyester. You can spot-treat stains with a stain remover after vacuuming, and then use a steam cleaner to clean the curtains from top to bottom. You can also bring them to a dry cleaner to have odors, dirt, stains, and allergens removed without washing them.

The best way to clean drapes depends on the material, as certain washing methods are necessary for more delicate materials. You can follow the general guidelines below in most cases:

• Cotton: Machine wash

• Lace: Hand wash

• Linen: Dry clean

• Polyester: Machine wash

• Silk: Dry clean or steam clean

• Velvet: Dry clean

• Wool: Dry clean

You should also consider if there’s any existing damage to the drapes, like pulls or small tears, that could get worse with aggressive washing. Additionally, older drapes may require special care from a professional to preserve them but still leave them clean.

Window treatments fall under the categories of hard, soft, and layered. Hard refers to stiff, formed treatments that include window blinds and shutters. Soft refers to cloth window treatments that include drapes and curtains. Finally, layered refers to the combination of soft and hard treatments. For example, you might place flowing drapes over blinds to combine the practicality of a treatment that blocks the sun with the whimsical and elongating aesthetic of a full-window drape.

Regular vacuuming, spot cleaning, and dust-resistant sprays can help maintain freshness and prolong the time between professional cleanings.