5 Reasons Your Sprinkler Head Is Leaking

A lush green lawn is a homeowner's pride and joy, but maintaining it can sometimes be a challenging task. One common issue that many homeowners face is a leaking sprinkler head. If you've noticed water pooling around your sprinkler system or a constant drip from one of the heads, it's essential to address the problem promptly and prevent snowballing sprinkler system repair costs. Let’s explore the four most common reasons why your sprinkler head might be leaking and typical fixes for each issue.

What Is a Sprinkler Head?

A sprinkler head is a crucial component of a sprinkler system, designed to distribute water over a specific area to irrigate lawns, gardens, or landscapes. There are different types of sprinkler heads, but they typically consist of a nozzle, which controls the water's flow and pattern, and a body that connects to the underground piping.

When the sprinkler system is activated, water is pressurized in the pipes and is forced through the nozzle. The nozzle's design determines the spray pattern, whether it's a fixed pattern, rotating stream, or adjustable spray. Sprinkler heads work together to evenly distribute water, ensuring efficient and effective irrigation for plants and grass.

When there’s a problem in the sprinkler system, one of the most common causes is a sprinkler head leak. This can lead to wasted water, reduced system efficiency, and potential damage to surrounding areas due to flooding.

1. Low-Head Drainage

Low-head drainage is a phenomenon that occurs in sprinkler systems, particularly in areas with sloping terrain. It happens when the water remaining in the pipes after the irrigation cycle is completed slowly drains out through the lowest sprinkler head in the system. This drainage can cause several problems, and it’s the most common reason for a leaking sprinkler head.

When low-head drainage occurs, the constant moisture around the head can lead to wear and tear over time, causing the head to leak. The leaking water may erode the soil around the head, making the problem even worse.

How to Fix Low-Head Drainage

Fixing low-head drainage typically involves installing a check valve or a pressure regulator at the lowest point in your irrigation system. These devices prevent water from flowing back down the pipe after the irrigation cycle is complete, effectively stopping low-head drainage and the subsequent sprinkler head leaks.

2. Clogged Pipe

Clogged pipes in your sprinkler system can result from various problems, including debris, mineral deposits, and algae growth. Over time, these obstructions can accumulate and restrict water flow, causing pressure imbalances.

When a pipe in your sprinkler system becomes clogged, it disrupts the even distribution of water to the heads. This can lead to increased pressure at certain points in the system, causing some sprinkler heads to leak. Additionally, the reduced water flow can strain the affected heads, making them more susceptible to damage and leaks.

How to Fix a Clogged Pipe

To address clogged pipes, locate the affected section and clear the obstruction. Depending on the severity of the clog, this may involve removing and cleaning the pipes or replacing them entirely. Regular maintenance, including flushing the system and installing filters, can help prevent future clogs.

3. Broken Pipe

Sprinkler pipes can become damaged for various reasons, such as freezing temperatures, accidental impacts, or soil shifting. This can cause flooding in your lawn and other issues.

A broken pipe disrupts the flow of water within the system, leading to a loss of pressure and uneven water distribution. This pressure imbalance can force water out of nearby sprinkler heads, causing leaks. Additionally, the escaping water can erode the surrounding soil, exacerbating the issue.

How to Fix a Broken Pipe

Repairing a broken sprinkler pipe requires identifying the damaged section and replacing it. In some cases, you may need to dig up the affected area to access the pipe. This may require the help of a local sprinkler company if you’re not confident in your DIY skills in this area. Once the pipe is replaced, check the surrounding soil for signs of erosion and address it as needed.

4. Faulty Sprinkler Valve

Sprinkler valves are essential components of your irrigation system that control the flow of water to different zones. Several issues can cause a sprinkler valve to become faulty, including wear and tear, electrical problems, or debris accumulation.

A faulty valve can disrupt the flow of water, causing pressure imbalances in the system. This can lead to water leaking from one or more sprinkler heads. Additionally, if the valve fails to fully close after the irrigation cycle, it can result in constant water flow and continuous leakage.

How to Fix a Faulty Sprinkler Valve

Fixing a faulty sprinkler valve typically involves identifying the specific issue with the valve and addressing it accordingly. This may include cleaning the valve, replacing damaged components, or replacing the sprinkler valve altogether. Regular inspection and maintenance of your sprinkler valves can help prevent issues from occurring in the first place.

5. Faulty Sprinkler Head

A faulty sprinkler head can be caused by normal wear and tear, damage from lawnmowers or foot traffic, or manufacturing defects. Over time, these factors can compromise the integrity of the sprinkler head.

When a sprinkler head is faulty, it may not seal properly when not in use. This can allow water to escape, leading to constant leakage and, therefore, overwatering of your lawn or garden. Additionally, damaged or misaligned parts within the sprinkler head can disrupt the water distribution pattern, causing uneven watering and potential leaks.

How to Fix a Faulty Sprinkler Head

Fixing a faulty sprinkler head typically involves inspecting the head for visible damage or misalignment. In many cases, you can replace the damaged components or replace the sprinkler head itself. Regularly checking your sprinkler heads for signs of wear and tear and addressing any issues promptly will help maintain the efficiency of your irrigation system and prevent water wastage.

When to Hire a Pro

If you can’t figure out and resolve the source of the leak, reach out to a pro. Similarly, if the leak is severe and water is starting to pool in your yard, call for emergency sprinkler repair. Too much water in your yard could cause damage to your home’s foundation, so don’t delay. Fixing a broken sprinkler pipe and resolving drainage issues in your yard also call for a pro’s help.