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At least twice a year, or more if surrounded by trees.

Installing a leaf protection system that keeps leaves and pine needles out of your gutter downspout is the best way to prevent clogs. Additionally, you may want to remove any trees or branches that are hanging over your downspouts to prevent leaves and branches from making their way into your gutter system. Of course, routine downspout cleaning and inspection can also help you stay ahead of clogs that create water damage at your home.

If you want to avoid burying your downspouts, several alternatives can help direct water away from your home's foundation. One option is to connect a rain barrel to your downspout. During a storm, the barrel collects water that you can later use for irrigating your lawn or garden. Another common solution is to install an above-ground downspout extension. This can be done in a couple of ways:

• Splash Guards: Placing a splash guard, available at most hardware stores, under your downspout can act as a simple funnel to direct water away from the house.

• Downspout Extensions: You can add an extension to the end of the downspout's elbow to carry water further into your yard. Some extensions are flexible, allowing you to maneuver them around landscaping.

These above-ground solutions are particularly useful if your home has a slab foundation that you cannot dig up. However, they have limitations. An extension may not move water as far from your home as an underground system. More importantly, if your yard slopes back toward your house, these methods will be ineffective, and burying your downspouts remains the best option to prevent potential flooding and water damage.

The kind of gutter guards you have will affect how often you need to clean them. The more basic type of gutter screen requires cleaning once or twice a year. With a micromesh screen, you may be able to extend the time between cleanings to every two years or so.

However, if you have trees near your roof, you’ll need to clean your gutters more frequently, especially if you have chicken-wire or colander-type gutter guards. If you have pine trees near your roof, you may even need to clean your gutters quarterly, as tiny pine needles can get through any type of gutter guard.